Sudan

Sudan is a large, resource-rich country currently experiencing severe economic and humanitarian crisis due to the armed conflict that erupted in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

Prior to the conflict, Sudan's economy was driven by agriculture (the Gezira scheme is one of the world's largest irrigation projects), gold mining (Africa's third-largest producer), livestock, and gum arabic (world's largest producer). The country lost 75% of its oil revenue when South Sudan seceded in 2011.

The conflict has devastated infrastructure, displaced millions, and collapsed normal economic activity in many regions. International engagement focuses on humanitarian assistance and ceasefire negotiations. Economic recovery will require political stabilization, massive reconstruction, and reintegration into international financial systems.