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Sudan

Republic of the Sudan

Arabic, English Sudanese Pound (SDG) Mixed: Islamic law, customary law
AU (suspended), Arab League, IGAD, AfCFTA, OIC

Sudan is a large, resource-rich country currently experiencing severe economic and humanitarian crisis due to the armed conflict that erupted in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

Prior to the conflict, Sudan's economy was driven by agriculture (the Gezira scheme is one of the world's largest irrigation projects), gold mining (Africa's third-largest producer), livestock, and gum arabic (world's largest producer). The country lost 75% of its oil revenue when South Sudan seceded in 2011.

The conflict has devastated infrastructure, displaced millions, and collapsed normal economic activity in many regions. International engagement focuses on humanitarian assistance and ceasefire negotiations. Economic recovery will require political stabilization, massive reconstruction, and reintegration into international financial systems.

Snapshot

Population~51.7 MWorld Bank, 2025
GDP (current USD)$60.2 BWorld Bank, 2025
GDP per Capita$1,165World Bank, 2025
GDP Growth3.06%World Bank, 2025
Inflation (y/y)~138.81%World Bank, 2022
Unemployment7.53%World Bank, ILO modelled estimate, 2022
Internet Use~18.60%World Bank, 2017
Electrification~63.00%World Bank WDI
CPI Score (Rank)20.0/100 (#162)Transparency Intl
HDI (Rank)0.508 (#172)UNDP HDR

World Bank Indicators Compare with another country

GDP (current USD)$60.2 BWorld Bank, 2025
GDP growth (annual)3.06%World Bank, 2025
GDP per capita (USD)$1,165World Bank, 2025
Population, total51.7 MWorld Bank, 2025
FDI net inflows (USD)$548.2 MWorld Bank, 2023
Inflation (consumer prices)138.81%World Bank, 2022
Unemployment (% labour force)7.53%World Bank, 2022
Internet use (% of people)18.60%World Bank, 2017
Trade (% of GDP)2.38%World Bank, 2025

Climate Readiness Full ranking

43out of 100
Emerging
Climate adaptation readiness for Sudan, from 5 of 5 measured indicators.
Energy access6363.0% · 30% weight
Governance readiness2020 / 100 CPI · 20% weight
Human readiness510.508 HDI · 20% weight
Economic readiness36$1,165, 2025 · 15% weight
Digital readiness2828.0% · 15% weight
This scores climate adaptation readiness (adaptive capacity), following the readiness dimension of the ND-GAIN framework. It is built only from measured values already held on this profile and normalised 0-100. It does not measure emissions or physical climate vulnerability: the platform does not yet hold emissions, hazard-exposure or natural-capital series. Energy access is the single most climate-specific indicator held; the other four are governance, economic, human-development and digital readiness proxies. The economic sub-score is relative to the African countries the platform covers.
How this is computed

Adaptive capacity to absorb climate finance and adapt, following the readiness dimension of the ND-GAIN framework. Built only from measured values already held on each country profile. It is not a measure of emissions or physical climate vulnerability, which the platform does not yet hold.

  • Energy access (30%) — World Bank, access to electricity (% of population). The single most climate and energy specific signal held: SDG 7 and the clean-energy transition.
  • Governance readiness (20%) — Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index (0-100). ND-GAIN governance readiness: the capacity to govern and deploy climate finance. Higher is cleaner.
  • Human readiness (20%) — UNDP, Human Development Index (0-1). ND-GAIN social readiness: the adaptive capacity of the population.
  • Economic readiness (15%) — World Bank, GDP per capita (current US$), latest measured year. ND-GAIN economic readiness: the capacity to finance adaptation. Scored relative to the covered set.
  • Digital readiness (15%) — World Bank, individuals using the Internet (% of population). Information systems for early warning and adaptation.

A country is scored only when at least 4 of the five indicators are held. Sub-scores are weighted and renormalised over the indicators that are present; nothing is estimated for one that is absent.

Country Facts

CapitalKhartoum
RegionNorth Africa
CurrencySudanese Pound (SDG)
FX RegimeManaged float
Legal SystemMixed: Islamic law, customary law
Time ZoneAfrica/Khartoum

Focus Sectors

Agriculture
Gold Mining
Oil (reduced)
Livestock
Gum Arabic
Telecoms
Construction

Regulations & Taxes

Corporate Income Tax35% standard
VAT / Sales Tax17% standard