Tanzania

United Republic of Tanzania

Swahili, English Tanzanian Shilling (TZS) English common law, customary law, Islamic law (Zanzibar)
AU, EAC, SADC, AfCFTA, Commonwealth, WTO
Tanzania is East Africa's second-largest economy, blessed with extraordinary natural resources including gold deposits (Africa's fourth-largest producer), the world's only source of tanzanite, and some of the continent's most iconic tourism destinations: the Serengeti, Mount Kilimanjaro, and Zanzibar.

The economy has grown steadily at 5-7% annually, driven by construction, mining, and services. The government under President Samia Suluhu Hassan has focused on improving the business environment, reopening dialogue with the private sector, and advancing major infrastructure projects including the Julius Nyerere Hydropower Dam (2,115 MW) and the Standard Gauge Railway.

Tanzania is emerging as a major natural gas producer with the discovery of significant offshore reserves. The country is also a member of both the EAC and SADC, providing access to a combined market of over 500 million people.

Snapshot

Population~67.2 MWorld Bank WDI
GDP (current USD)$87.4 BIMF WEO
GDP per Capita$1,300IMF WEO
GDP Growth5.40%IMF WEO
Inflation (y/y)~3.80%Central Bank / IMF
Policy Rate (CBR (Bank of Tanzania))6.00%Central Bank
Unemployment9.00%ILO / National Stats
Internet Use~32.00%World Bank WDI
Electrification~42.70%World Bank WDI
CPI Score (Rank)40.0/100 (#87)Transparency Intl
HDI (Rank)0.549 (#160)UNDP HDR
Credit RatingB1 (Moody's) / B+ (Fitch)S&P / Moody's / Fitch
MarketDar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE)

Focus Sectors

Mining (gold
tanzanite)
Agriculture
Tourism (Serengeti
Kilimanjaro
Zanzibar)
Construction
Telecommunications
Manufacturing
Energy (natural gas)
Transport
Financial Services
Fisheries

Trade

Top Export Partners (2023)

India
16%
UAE
12%
Switzerland
9%
China
8%
South Africa
7%

Top Export Goods

GoldTobaccoCashew nutsCoffeeCloves

Top Import Partners (2023)

China
22%
India
14%
UAE
8%
Saudi Arabia
5%
Japan
4%

Top Import Goods

Refined petroleumMachineryVehiclesIron and steelWheat

Regulations & Taxes

Corporate Income Tax30% standard (25% for new listings on DSE for 3 years)
VAT / Sales Tax18% standard
Withholding Tax10% dividends, 10% interest, 15% royalties (non-residents)

Talent

Median Age18.0 yrsUN Population
Adult Literacy78.00%World Bank UIS
Youth (<25)63.00%
LanguagesSwahili, English
Data Notes: Population, GDP, and GDP per capita are latest IMF WEO / World Bank estimates. Inflation is year-over-year. Trade data from UN Comtrade/OEC (2023). Tax rates from PwC/KPMG country guides. CPI from Transparency International. HDI from UNDP Human Development Report.
Narrative last updated: April 8, 2026.